Economics Essay Minimum Wage - 1903 Words

Economics Essay: Minimum Wage Mark Mulhern It is most advantageous for the United States’ to not raise the minimum wage from $7.25 per hour to $15 per hour. Multiple studies have shown that increasing the minimum wage is inefficient at raising the poverty level. Also, a trade off of having higher paid, stable jobs as a result of raising the minimum wage is less jobs available, or unemployment. Most people expect it to raise the wages of poverty-stricken families. However, the income distribution effects of changing the minimum wage crucially relies on who is earning the minimum wage (Leigh 432). If there is a relatively large number of teenagers earning the minimum from middle-upper class families, then a rise in minimum wage will have less influence on the poor (Leigh 432). To solve this problem, the United States should work on expanding earned income tax credit, a government issued subsidy that goes to millions of low-income workers that is proven to increase employment and reduce poverty. With this, the United Sta tes can efficiently shrink the income gap of Americans and raise the standard of living of poor families. The minimum wage is the least amount an employer must pay his/her employee for working. (Mankiw). Congress passed the Fair Labor Standards Act in 1938, ensuring that workers have an adequate standard of living by adding a minimum wage (Mankiw). Today, the national minimum wage is $7.25 per hour. Looking at changes in poverty, 15% of Americans were livingShow MoreRelatedTodays Social And Economic Inequality Is A Matter People1343 Words   |  6 PagesTodays social and economic inequality is a matter people are faced with in their daily lives. Many Americans are currently unable to reach their full potential due to the lack of financial stability in the work force, and are incapable of providing stable income for their dependents. Krugman, like many Americans, believes that change is the only way to help close the ever-growing gap between upper class Americans and those who are middle class or below poverty level. In Krugman’s essay â€Å"ConfrontingRead MoreAdvantages And D isadvantages Of Minimum Wage In Taiwan1541 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Nowadays, minimum wage is very important for workers in this world. In addition, minimum wage is also a core element of public policy in lots of countries. For example, minimum wage has become a hot topic in Taiwan recently. The Taiwanese complained that the working hours are too long, and the wages are too low. Because of that reason, workers in Taiwan have come forward to protest this policy. Therefore, according to this example, minimum wage has become an issue that cannot be ignoredRead MoreThe Impact Of National Minimum Wage On South Africa s Income Inequality Essay1525 Words   |  7 PagesThe impact national minimum wage would have on South Africa’s income inequality should it be implemented. South Africa is still considered one of the countries which still consist of high income inequality. Economists argue that inequality is the most unavoidable part of the economic development and that it continues to increase in developing countries due to economic growth (Keeton, 2014). Inequality is a problem in countries such as South Africa, because it shifts the attention from bigger andRead Moreminimum wage1601 Words   |  7 Pagesfor the low-income workers and their families whenever the government increases the minimum wage. The United States Congress adopted the Fair Labor Standards Act in 1938. Congress created the minimum wage toward the end of the Depression era to ensure a minimum standard oPremium 2048 Words 9 Pages Macroeconomics: Should the Minimum Wage Increase? Should the Minimum Wage Increase? Minimum wage is the lowest wage permitted by law or by a special agreement that can be applied for an employee or putRead MoreBackaches and Depression and Poverty, Oh My!1474 Words   |  6 Pagesgood jobs are taken? Similarly, people are left with â€Å"bad† jobs that pay a meager salary. Minimum wage is a nightmare to anyone that depends on the payment to make a living; furthermore, minimum wage life requires a person to take more than one job in order to make a good living, and it requires hard work paid with salaries that cannot compensate the backaches, depression, and poverty put into it. Minimum wage needs to be raised to a more accommodating salary payment in order to ensure a suitableRead MoreMinimum Wage Of The United States Of America And Australia1031 Words   |  5 Pagesvarious countries see growth in their economy, there has also been significant differences in the wages set to employees in different countries. The lowest wages set by the law that are fixed to a particular amount which is also defined to be the price floor below which workers shall not sell their labor, has its own effects. The minimum wage law came into force as a matter of social justice amongst the low-wage workers, also to reduce exploitation and see that workers can afford the standard basic livingRead MoreMinimum Wage Regulations Strike At The Very Heart Of The Free Enterprise System1526 Words   |  7 Pagesprice control, minimum wage legislations strike at the very heart of the free enterprise system. The father of economics, Adam Smith explained in his masterpiece, â€Å"The Wealth of Nations†, that â€Å"the price system is the communication mechanism that coordinates, motivates, and harmonizes the actions of consumers and entrepreneurs†. His renown metaphor and philosophy of the â€Å"Invisible Hand† captured the idea that free-market pricing system mol ds individual self interest into extensive economic bettermentRead MoreThe Minimum Wage Change 1151 Words   |  5 Pagesthe topic of minimum wage. With president Obama’s increase in the minimum wage to 10.10$ per hour people, both economists and politicians alike, have been debating whether raising the bar is a smart idea. At a time when the country the country’s inflation continues to rise at a steady pace and Americans are constantly working to feed their families, some economists know that a raise in the minimum wage would help elevate some of the difficulty. The last time the federal minimum wage was raised wasRead MorePersuasive Essay Outline :Minimum Wage964 Words   |  4 Pages Persuasive Essay Outline :Minimum Wage 1 Intro - I want you to think about your very first job .Were you a Bellhop ,cashier ,bartender ,cooks(fast food ),lifeguard, .Now how about your second job were you a airport worker or child care worker.About how much were youRead MoreIntroduction. The Idea Of Fairtrade Emerged In The Late812 Words   |  4 Pagessaleable in both supermarkets and other mainstream actors (Bezencon, 2011, p.61). This essay argues that producers and workers cannot gain notable benefits from Fairtrade. It will begin by looking at the Fairtrade minimum price and wages, then move on to the financial stability guarantee from Fairtrade Foundation and finally with the factors of influencing knowledge application. Fairtrade Minimum Price and Wages Firstly, it can be believed that Fairtrade locked the producers and workers into poverty

The Working Life Essay - 1355 Words

The belief that work is morally good is the definition of work ethic provided by The American Heritage Dictionary. Work can mean different things to different people. Usually, when we first think of a word and its meaning, we look at its definition. When defining what is morally good, one must remain open to past societal meanings of what was considered moral. Work ethic has developed and changed through different cultures over centuries. Historians and philosophers have developed great insights and theories pertaining specifically to the meaning of work ethic and its meaningfulness in todays modern employment, while some have praised it and some have cursed it. Which leads us to the question, do workers today have a calling or†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, people who work for wealth are never satisfied, because the things that they want and the work that they do to get it are never ending. Work takes on greater importance in a society where people believe that they can master the material world and shape their own destinies, and less where they believe that they can not. An Ancient Greek philosopher said that the only stability in the world was within ones mind or soul, where ideas were secure from the unending changes that took place in the material world. In Ancient Greece, philosophers believed that a persons thoughts and ideas were more important than that persons work and that work in the material world lacked permanence. For the ancient Greeks, the status of particular occupations depended on the degree of freedom a person had, the perceived moral integrity of the occupation, and the amount of mental and physical work it required. Today we tend to feel that working in an office is better than working in a coal mine, regardless of which worker makes more money. Our language suggests that it is a privilege to work sitting down. In various cultures in the era before Christ, the material world was thought impermanent and inferior to the mental and spiritual world, but work was not disdained. The Buddha in the sixth century B.C. said that people suffer because they thirst for material things and physical pleasures, and that theShow MoreRelatedLife Working At Crouse Hospital Essay2214 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Throughout my short time working at Crouse Hospital on the Antepartum/Postpartum unit, I have witnessed pregnant and postpartum mothers struggling with substance abuse on a recurring basis. While working on this unit, I have had the opportunity to experience some of the best moments in the newborn s life, such as parents holding their baby for the first time. On the other hand, I have witnessed the heart breaking reality of what the newborn experiences as a result of maternal substanceRead MoreThis American (Working) Life1053 Words   |  5 Pagespoor. However, one of the main problems with increasing exceptions to the FLSA is that if an employee is being paid the minimum salary for an exempted worker, they are within a whisper of the poverty line. The original language pertaining to anyone working with computers was first introduced in 1990. An be labeled exempt one would have to be paid an hourly rate and paid no less than six and a half times the minimum wage. In 1996 the rate was adjusted to a fixed rate of $27.63 an hour(U.S. Cong. SmallRead MoreSpeech Outline- Life of a Working College Student949 Words   |  4 PagesDays of Your Life 1 Days of Your Life General Purpose: To inform Specific purpose: To inform my audience about my culture and life as a working student. Thesis Statement: Introduction For years, college students have been told that their college years would be the â€Å"time of their lives†, what people don’t tell us, is what makes it the time of our life. According to a National Retail Federation survey conducted in 2009, Nearly 49.1 percent of college students will be living at home this yearRead MoreWorking Long Hours And Its Effect On Family Life1812 Words   |  8 PagesWorking long hours have become a tradition in modern society. Although it was postulated from the past that today’s society would have too much free time, this has turned out to be a sharp contradiction. In this paper, an examination of working long hours are examined with respect to how this habit became a norm, how it is propagated, and its effect on family life. Working long hours is a result of scarcity of resources in society. Long working hours is now a norm for society. This custom becameRead MoreWorking Long Hours And Its Effect On Family Life1806 Words   |  8 PagesWorking long hours has become a tradition in modern society. Although it was postulated from the past that today’s society would have too much free time, this has turned out to be a sharp contradiction. In this paper, an examination of working long hours is examined with respect to how this habit became a norm, how it is propagated, and its effect on family life. Working long hours is a result of scarcity of resources in society. Long working hours is now a norm for society. This custom becameRead MoreLife Of Working Women During The Years Of Women2217 Words   |  9 Pagesdysfunction may be an important factor to consider especially in working women. Life of working women Over the years women have shown to be a successful gender. In the past women had limited power and were submissive to the ideology of a housewife. Those who chose to work were considered a bad influence for those women who were submissive. Since then the female gender has adopted a more independent and diplomatic overview of the working life. Today women make up half of the workforce. Women today haveRead MorePersonal Note On Responsibility And Working Came Into My Life859 Words   |  4 PagesI was very young when responsibility and working came into my life. My mother was never home when I was younger, so I began to learn how to make food and pick up after myself. Years went by and I was very proud to be capable of cooking simple foods like: Ramen Noodles, eggs and bacon, and macaroni and cheese. I was very proud of knowing how to cook simple things, because at around eight years old no one else your age really knows how to cook. When I was twelve years old, my little sisterâ⠂¬â„¢s fatherRead MoreFinancial Recommendations For A Prosperous Working Life As Well As Retirement Plan1304 Words   |  6 PagesAs a recent graduate, there are many financial recommendations that I need to take into consideration for a prosperous working life as well as retirement plan. I have read many articles regarding financial recommendation for recent graduate students and learned a great deal which I ‘ll apply as soon as I enter the workforce. This project will help me outline different and crucial financial recommendations that will benefit me as well as my future family. In this paper, I will discuss financial recommendationsRead MoreEssay about Slims Table: The Life Of A Working Class Black Person1082 Words   |  5 PagesSlims Table: The Life Of A Working Class Black Person Slims Table, written by Mitchell Duneier has been called a true stereotype buster due to its content in which it truthfully examines the lifestyles of working class black men. The book is designed to break the common misconceptions imbedded in a majority of peoples minds over how a black man lives his life and why he in a sense does what he does, thinks what he thinks, and acts the way he acts. Prior to the writing of this book by DuneierRead MoreAnalysis Of Frederick Douglass s Working Class Neighborhoods And Everyday Life 1441 Words   |  6 Pagesenabled white men to continuously hold dominance over black people. This dominance was not only prevalent in the ubiquitous presence of whites in the Congress, but also in the laws that put black working class under the control over their white employers. Tara Hunter’s â€Å"Working Class Neighborhoods and Everyday Life† similarly discusses the fact that African-Americans in Atlanta, particularly the women, continuously st ruggle for freedom and justice, now as free domestic labourers under their past masters

International Journal of Business and Management Ghana

Question: Describe about the International Journal of Business and Management for Ghana. Answer: A business has been introduced. The business will be centered on manufacturing unit. Manufacturing is a type of business that uses components, parts or raw materials to make a finished product. The finished goods can be sold directly to the customers. Manufacturing units are a growing entity in the world. The emergences of entrepreneurs around the globe are helping the type of business to grow. It is comprised of machines and tools. Labor is an important aspect in manufacturing firm. We have opened a manufacturing firm that is concerned about making raw materials for car making companies. Our business will make car parts and automobile machineries. The manufacturing process is often termed as fabrication. We are making the business very simple and easy to understand (Kastalli Van Looy, 2013). The business will be set in Queensland, Australia. The place is chosen in Australia, as there is an abundance of car companies in Australia. Ford, Toyota, GM, Volkswagen and Renault are some of the well-known car brands operate in various parts of the country. These companies require multiple car parts and machineries for making the automobiles. The manufacturing plant should be selected for their accessibility. The place should have proper parking facilities, spacious. The weather should be pleasant, as the manufacturing business should not operate from a humid and hot weather condition. The transportation system should be cohesive and properly structured. The time consuming process could be tedious and exciting. Many startup business stops for the excess price and expenses they incur (Asamoah Annan Nyarko, 2012). Unlike merchandising business or hybrid business, manufacturing business buys products for the intention to use them as materials in making new product. A transformation is there in the process. Our manufacturing company will comprise of raw materials, labor and factory overhead in the production process. The manufactured car parts will be delivered to the car making companies. The organization chart will highlight the formal chain of management system. The command and communication between the supervisors and the workers needed to be good. They should help eachother to understand the goals of the firm. Manufacturing firm depends on employee output. The output should be similar every day. The workers should try to overcome the barriers in the manufacturing firm (Needles Crosson, 2013). We would give the workers all the resources possible. 24 hours electric, water supply, food supply and first aid rooms should be there in any manufacturing unit. In a unit like ours the fours thing sh ould be made mandatory. The machines should be made rust free. Oiling to the machines need to be done on a regular basis. Employee evaluation and job satisfaction are the two parameters we will incorporate in our unit. Manufacturing business has been chosen as the area of our business. The economy of a country relies on manufacturing units. The more the number of entrepreneurs the more will be the GDP. It would create more job options for the youths. The foundation of economic stability stands on manufacturing plants. In a country like Australia where the natural resources are present at a good rate, the risk can be taken to start a new business in manufacturing industry. Australia has an abundance of Steel, mines and natural gas. For a car parts making company iron, steel and heavy metals are needed most importantly. Therefore, we thought it would an easy option for us if we choose this stream of business. For running a manufacturing cost, it takes enough funds. We were five people in the group that is why everybody contributed to make the idea to explore. The manufacturing sectors have behind the scene logistics opportunities. The industry knowledge can lead anyone on getting higher knowledge of business. Welding, Fabrication, Assembly, Mechanists and more can train for the skill sets without spending much penny. They can earn substantial living wage. Therefore, manufacturing has a career potential and it has opportunities to earn more than anything else does (Needles Crosson, 2013). Financing takes pole position in any business. It can be personal financing or financing from different sources. The finance depends on the type and size of business. In our case, it would take enough funds to make a progress. Processing business is usually capital intensive requires large sum of capital. Investments should be properly made, lot of decisions need to be taken before a lump sum investment. Life insurance also needs to be done for dealing any future frictions. This does not include any term assurance. Personal finance can be profit sharing. In our case, there are six people included so a profit sharing model will be used. We are taking loans from government banks for our finance. We have deposited security to the bank for getting the loan. Mortgage was drawn for getting the loan amount. Venture capital is a type of finance that comes from companies. We have targeted some car making firms. They are giving us advance money for making car parts. It is a venture capital. Ge nerally, they prefer to invest in companies that have received equity investments from the founders and are already profitable. Manufacturing overhead is indirect factory related costs that are incurred at the cost of production. It includes labor cost, material cost etc. in our case the number of labors will be more, so the wage and labor cost will be huge. The inventory and cost of goods sold are valued and reported according to the accepted principles accounting. Selling and administrative costs come under non-manufacturing cost. Compensation and occupancy costs and expenses are the depreciation of nonmanufacturing equipment (Grubel, 2014). It expenses for the trucks and automobiles are used for delivering process. Here in our case a plant controller will be there to take the responsibility of coordinating the completion of all plant accounting. At the time of implementing new system, significant business process changes that goes along with the flow. Inventory valuation can track the production of specific jobs. For the valuation, standard cost, FIFO and LIFO methods are used. The comparison of actual cos t is incurred to standard budgeted cost. The aspect of manufacturing cost in accounting is necessary. The favorable variance might simply mean that a standard was set to make the process easier. It is bound to be favorable. The information derived from the analysis can be used as the basis for the annual budgeting. The ultimate responsibility of the work is to dictate the accounting process in an inclusive manner (Beatty Liao, 2014). (Source: www.accountingworld.com) (Source: www.accountingsource.com) Cost of Goods Manufactured Statement Cost Element Decisions Information required Material Direct Labor Manufacturing overhead Supplier*number of orders*order size* Number of factory workers and their wage rate Type of finishing department equipment, order size of materials, factory labor compensation List prices Quality discounts Carriage cost Cost of order supply Capacity required Wage carrying unit Carrying cost of inventory Overhead cost Variable cost rates Property plant and equipment are a class of assets. It has a physical existence. A company recognizes fixed costs when it gains control over economic benefits. The benefit can be generated from the assets. The fixed asset is carried on the balance sheet (May, 2013). Cost of Land includes Purchase cost, transaction cost, legal fees and registration fees Cost of Machinery parts include Permit cost, construction cost, equipment cost and excavation cost Cost of plant includes Labor cost, inspection cost, test run cost, purchase cost Balance sheet projections Assets Initial balance Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Cash and short-term investments $6,000 $126,532 $97,817 $152,700 $226,378 $179,786 Accounts receivable 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 Total inventory 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 Prepaid expenses 0 0 0 0 0 0 Deferred income tax 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other current assets 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 Total current assets $39,000 $159,532 $130,817 $185,700 $259,378 $212,786 Buildings $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 Land 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 Capital improvements 0 0 0 0 0 0 Machinery and equipment 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 Less: Accumulated depreciation expense 0 40,000 80,800 122,400 164,800 208,000 Net property/equipment $300,000 $260,000 $219,200 $177,600 $135,200 $92,000 Goodwill $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Deferred income tax 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long-term investments 0 0 0 0 0 0 Deposits 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other long-term assets 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total assets $339,000 $419,532 $350,017 $363,300 $394,578 $304,786 Liabilities Initial balance Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Accounts payable $2,000 $2,000 $3,000 $3,000 $1,500 $1,500 Accrued expenses 0 0 0 0 0 0 Notes payable/short-term debt 0 0 0 0 0 0 Capital leases 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other current liabilities 100 100 100 100 100 100 Total current liabilities $2,100 $2,100 $3,100 $3,100 $1,600 $1,600 Long-term debt from loan payment calculator $80,000 $65,522 $50,320 $34,358 $17,598 $0 Other long-term debt $100,000 $200,000 $150,000 $175,000 $225,000 $150,000 Total debt $182,100 $267,622 $203,420 $212,458 $244,198 $151,600 Other liabilities 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total liabilities $82,100 $67,622 $53,420 $37,458 $19,198 $1,600 Equity Initial balance Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Owner's equity (common) $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 Paid-in capital 250,000 250,000 250,000 250,000 250,000 250,000 Preferred equity 0 0 0 0 0 0 Retained earnings 0 (4,990) (10,303) (5,059) (5,520) (2,714) Total equity $300,000 $295,010 $289,697 $294,941 $294,480 $297,286 Total liabilities and equity $382,100 $362,632 $343,117 $332,400 $313,678 $298,886 References Asamoah, D., Annan, J., Nyarko, S. (2012). AHP approach for supplier evaluation and selection in a pharmaceutical manufacturing firm in Ghana.International Journal of Business and Management,7(10), 49. Beatty, A., Liao, S. (2014). Financial accounting in the banking industry: A review of the empirical literature.Journal of Accounting and Economics,58(2), 339-383. Davenport, A. J., Hama, T., Kalagnanam, J. R., Reddy, C. K., Siegel, S. A. (2014).U.S. Patent No. 8,670,856. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Garrison, R., Noreen, E., Brewer, P., CHENG, N. S., YUEN, C. K. (2015). Managerial Accounting: An Asian Perspective. Grubel, H. G. (2014). A theory of multinational banking.PSL Quarterly Review,30(123). Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K., Artiach, T., Howieson, B. (2013).Issues in financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. Kastalli, I. V., Van Looy, B. (2013). Servitization: Disentangling the impact of service business model innovation on manufacturing firm performance.Journal of Operations Management,31(4), 169-180. May, G. O. (2013).Financial accounting. Read Books Ltd. Needles, B., Crosson, S. (2013).Managerial accounting. Cengage Learning. Raman, R., Lindsay, V. J., Everton, N. (2015). Managing institutional differences for international outsourcing success: the case of a small New Zealand manufacturing firm. Wu, B., Sarker, B. R., Paudel, K. P. (2015). Sustainable energy from biomass: Biomethane manufacturing plant location and distribution problem.Applied Energy,158, 597-608. Yang, Y., Guan, J., Yin, J., Shao, B., Li, H. (2014). Urinary levels of bisphenol analogues in residents living near a manufacturing plant in south China.Chemosphere,112, 481-486.

Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America free essay sample

He said for all their government was a counsel of the ages; there was no force. There was no prisons, no officers to compel obedience, or inflict punishment. They governed their own community. He explained how the women would dress the food, nurse and raise the children, running the household. It was the womans duty to imprint and communicate it to their children being there was no writings. They had their own way to interpret and communicate. This was the way they preserved information and traditions in their culture.In 1744 the government of Virginia and the Six Nations came to an agreement with the commissioners from Virginia and spoke to the chief Indians telling them in a college will be established in with paid funding for the education of young Indians. All the six nations had to do was send a half a dozen of their young Indians to that college and the government of would of provided all means and they were Instructed to learn from the white people. We will write a custom essay sample on Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Indians were always taught to be polite In any situation and show respect by taking time to consider any important matter. It took the Indians one day to respond to the government of Virginia, it was explained that some of their young people were sent to college in the Northern Provinces he says they were instructed in all your sciences; but, when they came back to us, they were bad runners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods, unable to bear either the cold or hunger, knew neither how t build a cabin, take a deer, or kill an enemy, spoke our language imperfectly, were therefore neither fit for hunters, warriors, nor counselors; they were totally good for nothing.He goes on to decline their offer with great respect to them and asks if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take great care of their education, instruct them In all we know, and make MEN of them. Franklin said the politeness of these savages In conversation Is Indeed carried to excess, since It does not permit them to contradict or deny the truth of what is asserted in their presence. Of course Chri stians tried to push their beliefs on the Native Americans, even though it was no good their beliefs were all so strong and that it was natural. A Swedish Minister gave a great short speech of Christianity, afterwards the Indian orator shared some main aspects of their own religion. The good missionary was appalled and disgusted by the story and called them idle tales.The Indian replied my brother, it seems your friends have not done you Justice in your education; they have not well instructed you in the rules of common civility. You saw that we, who understand and practice those rules, believed all your stories; why do you refuse to believe ours? Franklin showed us in this essay the hospitality and politeness of the Indians. The word of an Indian, who said if a man enters one of our cabin we dry him if he is wet, we warm if he is cold, we allay his hunger and thirst; we demand nothing in return.

Role of advertising in launching a New Dance school

A dance school is an institution that students interested in dancing can learn more about ballet, including rehearsal. Different dance schools provide a variety of dancing styles. In order to launch a new dance school in the US, it would be necessary to analyze the market. This would include in-depth assessment of various dance schools in the U.S. market, together with products and services offered. The U.S. dance schools offer a variety of classes in hip-hop, tap, jazz and musical theatre dance.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Role of advertising in launching a New Dance school specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Julliard School Based in New York, Julliard is a private dance school managed by President Joseph Polisi. Julliard School has approximately eight hundred colleges, which offers a variety of dances. Since its establishment in 1905, the institution has managed to offer training services to over 800 students in music, drama and dance across the US. Researches indicate that Julliard School admission rate for students has increased from 7.6% in the year 2007 to 8.0% in 2009. However, in 2011 Julliard School admitted 5.6% of applicants. The institution has various collections including orchestras, chamber music, and jazz. Julliard School is focused on raising $300,000,000 to enable it sustain the market as regards to performing arts in the new decade. Julliard advertises its services and products in various media for rising awareness, including journals such as those published by Random House and Norton. The New York Public Library also advertises services offered by Julliard School. Nevertheless, the institution has its website that assist in advertising services at the global level that is, https://www.juilliard.edu/. The adverts of this organization normally target undergraduate and graduate students. Ballet San Jose Ballet San Jose is a dance organization that is currently situated in California, US. The institution was established with an aim of providing San Jose region with professional skills in dancing that is, in a way that honours the vision of various artists. The ballet offered by this school also aims at meeting the artistic standards, as well as fulfilling cultural requirements of the society it serves. The advert made by this institution normally targets a wider audience. By the year 2007, Ballet San Jose had over 100 traditional and contemporary dances (Giddens 78). Directed by Dennis Nahat, the institution has dancers from various countries, including the U.S., Japan, Canada, Vietnam, and France, among others. Presently, Ballet San Jose has over 450 students. The organization has for long targeted children at risk and young audiences. It advertises its services and products through various media such as New York Times and San Francisco Chronicle. In addition, a number of its advertisements are done via its official website.Advertising Looking f or essay on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Roland Dupree Dance Academy Ronald Dupree Dance Academy is situated in Hollywood, US. It has attracted dancers across the world owing to the school’s variety of instructors from various fields including film, television and stage. In partnership with Mary Jean, Roland succeeded to open Dupree Casting that specializes in movie and television dancing. Currently, Roland Dupree Dance Academy has invested in child acting facility referred to as the Youth Academy of Dramatic Arts. Ronald Dupree Dance Academy generally advertises its events and services through the New York Times since they believe it is the most effective medium of advertisement. Strength and weakness Although newspaper and journals are commonly used as mediums of advertisement, they are currently phased out by the internet. Many organizations are presently finding it more resourceful to advertise their serv ices via websites since many customers are now accessing it (Dave 12). One of the strengths of advertising services through the media is that they create awareness in the public hence increasing the profitability of the organization. One of the weaknesses is that advertising can be ineffective in case the correct medium is not used. This would amount to losses through the costs of advertising. Works Cited Dave, Evans. Social Media Marketing: An Hour a Day. Indianapolis: Wiley Publishing, 2010. Print. Giddens, Anthony. The Consequences of Modernity. Malden: Blackwell Publishers, 2009. Print. This essay on Role of advertising in launching a New Dance school was written and submitted by user Nakia to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Say Yes

Tobias Wolf’s short story â€Å"Say Yes†, found in Discovering Literature, edited by Hans P. Guth and Gabriele L. Rico, it submits the question of whether or not interracial marriage should be accepted. Wolff uses many different elements to help convey the meaning of the story such as characters, setting, and, style. The story opens with Ann and her husband washing the dishes and discussing the controversial subject of interracial marriage. Ann believes that if two people are in love, it does not matter what race they are. Her husband, whose name is not mentioned, holds the opposite position. Ironically, not to long into their debate, Ann’s husband suspects that she is implying he is racist. He defends, â€Å"I went to school with blacks, and lived on the same street with blacks and we have always gotten along just fine† (15). He then proceeds to tell her that white people should not marry black people because of difference in their culture. During the course of the story, the argument transforms from the general viewpoint to a personal conflict. Ann wondered if her husband would have married her if she was a black woman. Their entire resolution to the conflict revolves around his answer. They discussed many different variables and finally he came to the conclusion that he would not have married her. She is angry about his decision and retreats to the living room to read while he finishes the dishes. Wolf seems to focus on the action of Ann more than of her husband, and he does not even tell the reader his name. The only knowledge Wolf provides the reader about Ann’s husband is that he is narrow minded, yet he is considerate toward his wife. Ann, on the other hand, seems to expect her husband to agree with all of what she says and she acts in a stubborn and selfish manner. These being the only two characters in the story, provides a stunning contrast in ideas and personality. The author uses the simple chore of washing the d... Free Essays on Say Yes Free Essays on Say Yes Tobias Wolf’s short story â€Å"Say Yes†, found in Discovering Literature, edited by Hans P. Guth and Gabriele L. Rico, it submits the question of whether or not interracial marriage should be accepted. Wolff uses many different elements to help convey the meaning of the story such as characters, setting, and, style. The story opens with Ann and her husband washing the dishes and discussing the controversial subject of interracial marriage. Ann believes that if two people are in love, it does not matter what race they are. Her husband, whose name is not mentioned, holds the opposite position. Ironically, not to long into their debate, Ann’s husband suspects that she is implying he is racist. He defends, â€Å"I went to school with blacks, and lived on the same street with blacks and we have always gotten along just fine† (15). He then proceeds to tell her that white people should not marry black people because of difference in their culture. During the course of the story, the argument transforms from the general viewpoint to a personal conflict. Ann wondered if her husband would have married her if she was a black woman. Their entire resolution to the conflict revolves around his answer. They discussed many different variables and finally he came to the conclusion that he would not have married her. She is angry about his decision and retreats to the living room to read while he finishes the dishes. Wolf seems to focus on the action of Ann more than of her husband, and he does not even tell the reader his name. The only knowledge Wolf provides the reader about Ann’s husband is that he is narrow minded, yet he is considerate toward his wife. Ann, on the other hand, seems to expect her husband to agree with all of what she says and she acts in a stubborn and selfish manner. These being the only two characters in the story, provides a stunning contrast in ideas and personality. The author uses the simple chore of washing the d...

Marketing Strategy of Apple Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 15000 words

Marketing Strategy of Apple - Dissertation Example Over the last decade, Apple redefined the music and cellphone business, and the entertainment and media world by introducing IPod, IPhone and IPad. With the motivation to evaluate the marketing strategy of Apple, which enabled it to bring about a turnaround, this research is being conducted. Three objectives were set in Chapter I and after extensive literature review in Chapter II, questionnaire was designed to collect primary data from students. All three objectives have been achieved. The study finds that in the high technology products it has become critical to redefine businesses and reshape markets, thereby aligning with the changing demands of the firm’s business environment. To gain competitive advantage new pricing models, innovative value proposition, or customer-driven supply networks or finding new means of â€Å"touching† the customers has become essential. Brand management, customer segmentation, product positioning and customer behavior engagement are bein g applied by marketers. In the case of high-tech products product positioning has to be based on definite and tangible characteristics – unique selling point (USP) of the product. ... Apple also adopts bundling pricing and reference pricing strategy. In the international market Apple standardizes product, place and promotion strategies globally, so that all products sold worldwide carry the same design, package, advertising, posters and slogan. Prices vary depending on local taxes applicable. Thus, the marketing strategy of Apple can be said to be effective as they have been able to achieve the expected synergies. Table of Contents Chapter One: Introduction 1.1 Research Topic 1 1.2 Overview of Apple Inc. 2 1.3 Rationale for the study 2 1.4 Research Aims and Objectives 1.5 Research Framework Chapter Two: Literature Review 2.1 Chapter Overview 2.2 Introduction to Marketing Strategy 2.2.1 Principles of Marketing Strategy 2.2.2 Market Segmentation and Target Selection 2.2.3 Brand Image and Brand Equity 2.2.4 Product Positioning 2.2.5 Customer Engagement Behavior 2.3 Marketing Mix 2.3.1 Products 2.3.2 Pricing 2.3.3 Promotions 2.3.3.1 Advertising 2.3.3.2 Personal Sellin g 2.3.3.3 Sales Promotion 2.3.3.4 Public Relations 2.3.3.5 Direct Marketing 2.3.4 Place 2.3.4.1 Types of Intermediary 2.3.4.2 The Internet 2.4 International Marketing Strategy 2.4.1 Porter’s Generic Strategy in Digital Age 2.4.2 Effectiveness of the marketing strategy 2.5 Overview of the Computer Industry 2.6 Overview of Apple Inc Chapter Three: Methodology 3.1 Chapter Overview 3.2 Research Phenomenon under study 3.3 Research Philosophy 3.4 Research Strategy 3.5 Data Collection 3.6 Sampling 3.7 Data Analysis 3.8 Ethical concerns 3.9 Reliability and Validity 3.10 Limitations Chapter Four: Findings and Discussion 4.1 Chapter Overview 4.2 Findings from Web

Article Summary Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Article Summary - Research Paper Example Using prayer as an intervention within sessions requires a delicate awareness of an individual client on the part of the counselor. Likewise, with a secular counselor, there is a potential for weakness in the intervention that might render it ineffective or, even worse, harmful for the individual client. With these considerations in mind, the authors consider ethical mandates, articulate concerns, and make recommendations with respect to how to safeguard faith-based interventions from becoming useless or harmful and how to utilize those methods effectively. The authors begin their consideration with a brief description of the prevalence of prayer and spirituality within the counseling community of the United States. Among the highlights of these considerations is the fact that a vast majority of Christian-based counseling agencies (76 percent to 100 percent) believe that prayer is an appropriate intervention for clients, in contrast to 11 percent of secular agencies believing that pr ayer is appropriate for clients. Within the marriage and family counseling community, a vast majority (95 percent) believe that spiritual and mental health is related. However, only a slight majority (62 percent) actually utilized the spiritual dimension in their practice. This differential might be due to a lack of education on how to successfully integrate the two dimensions and the relative novelty of considering spirituality in a counseling practice (p. 126). Bearing in mind how widespread the use of faith-based interventions is in clinical practice, particularly with Christian-based counselors, the authors move on to consider the ethical responsibilities of counselors. These responsibilities ultimately reduce to promoting â€Å"the welfare of clients† and avoiding â€Å"harming their clients† (p. 127). To promote client welfare and avoid harm, the authors recommend that all counselors take an initial assessment of clients to evaluate their spirituality, which invo lves asking directed questions. Next, the authors recommend determining whether using spirituality in the treatment could harm or benefit clients. For instance, clients with mental health problems â€Å"may act out their problems religiously† (p. 128). Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that an individual is religiously mature before proceeding with an intervention based on spirituality. Knowing when prayer could be helpful or harmful will reduce the risk of incorporating certain kinds of therapies, according to the authors. Although prayer with less developed clients might increase superficial faith through insecure prayer, prayer with more developed clients might facilitate growth and self-awareness. All of these steps require a high degree of training on the part of the counselor (p.131). Additionally, faith-based interventions require a great amount of multicultural sensitivity, especially with an increasingly diverse population. In addition to specifying that counselor s should promote the welfare and avoid harm to their clients, the ACA Code of Ethics also states that counselors should recognize diversity and embrace a cross-cultural approach, which refers to the identification of differences between individuals. Just like individual differences are crucial to deciding whether clients are spiritual mature enough for prayer in-session, counselors need to recognize and use vocabulary and imagery that is

Competitiveness between both Developing and Developed Nations Research Paper

Competitiveness between both Developing and Developed Nations - Research Paper Example Despite the forces of globalisation, national advantage and locality are among the key factors that determine competitiveness. This paper looks at the evidence from trans-national corporations and specific industries in various nations. Nations like China, Japan, US, UK and Germany. Research shows that global competition has really gone high tech. The competition is very stiff. (Porter, 1998) It is very clear that the factors that determine the competitiveness of nations are quite numerous. When public finances in a nation are mismanaged, and inflation occurs, this highly affects the business environment a great deal. This results in the undermining of incentives that are necessary for investment in the business sector. Other factors include having a quality judicial system within a nation. Training and education within a nation are among the factors that drive competitiveness. Nations that ensure that their labour force is trained and has access to the latest technologies and new kn owledge are normally very competitive. (Peng, 2006) Just as the factors are numerous, they matter quite differently in different nations. This also depends on the nation's stage of development. According to the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), there are various driving factors that influence the competitiveness in a nation.  The world economic forum has over the years measured the competitiveness of nations in an international environment. The Growth competitiveness index is used to assess the competitiveness of nations. Research reveals that Poland still remains the worst performing nations among European Union nations. It actually ranks forty-eight behind Greece that ranks forty-seven. The Czech Republic ranks twenty-nine while Estonia ranks twenty-five. Poland has got weaknesses in its labour market that is quite rigid. Research shows that unemployment in this nation.

Manufacturing and Service Sector Hypercompetitive Rivalries

Manufacturing and Service Sector Hypercompetitive Rivalries Hypercompetition has long been recognized as a significant problem in almost all manufacturing related industries. Service sectors are also experiencing the same problems. It is essential for competing companies to understand and take advantage of the dynamic motion and flux of current trends in global markets and technological breakthroughs. This paper aims to describe the movement toward hypercompetition and its implications to manufacturing and service based companies among ASEAN countries. Actions taken by companies in these two sectors provide new insights into what manufacturing and service based companies might expect to occur and how they could respond to such threat. This research finds that technological change, globalization, and increased competition are the most important environmental challenges facing manufacturing and service sectors today. Technology, in particular, seems to be acting as one of the principal accelerator toward hypercompetitive rivalries in manufactur ing and service sectors. Keyword(s): Competitive strategy; Technology; Manufacturing; Product; Service; Globalization Introduction Since the financial and economic crises hit most regions around the globe in the late 1990s, policymakers worldwide have been talking about how to re-balance their national economies. Putting back the balance in their economies involves reassessing the mix between the services and the manufacturing sectors. The services sector represents about 70 percent of the American economy, while that of the manufacturing makes up just 11 percent (Foroohar, 2010). The same trend is happening among European countries especially in the U.K., France and Germany. It is totally in the opposite scenario, however, for most developing countries including Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and Vietnam (Hilman, 2006). The intensity of rivalries in the manufacturing sector started in the 1980s when many big companies from the United States, Europe, and Japan moved their business operations particularly their manufacturing plants to foreign countries. Among the most popular destination is the South East Asia region or ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations). The Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows to ASEAN increased by 18% in 2007 from US$44billions to US$61 billions. Nearly all ASEAN countries received higher inflows and Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Vietnam, were the largest FDI recipients that comprised more than 90% of the flows (Karimi, Yusop and Law, 2010). Favourable regional economic growth, an improved investment environment, higher intraregional investments, and strengthened regional integration were key contributory factors and all these have turned ASEAN as a hypercompetitive market (World Investment Report, 2008). Understanding hypercompetitive markets Dà veni (1995) described hypercompetition as a market condition typified by rapidly escalating competitive activities such as increasing price-quality positioning, developing new know-how and the products utilizing that know-how, establishing first-mover advantage, protecting or invading established product or geographic markets, and creating deep-pocketed alliances. Harari (2007) depicted secrets, proprietary information, and closed-door management systems dont have the competitive edge they used to because new technologies have the capabilities to create total transparency. It is important for local companies, multinational corporations (MNCs) and multinational enterprises (MNEs) in ASEAN to always alert and react accordingly on changes or development occur in market or industry. Understanding hypercompetitiveness is primarily important for businesses since the undermining of such can greatly result in the decline of the financial performance for businesses. Hypercompetition is highly associated with disruptive, uncertainty, intense, and rapidly changing environment where companies can only expect intermittent, temporary, and unsustainable advantages (DAveni, 1995). Those who can focus equally important on what not to do and what to stop doing, use technology to accelerate a transformation but not perceive it as cause of transformation, paid scant attention to staff development, and seek for revolutionary result and not revolutionary process should have better chance to champion market or industry (Collins, 2001). Drivers of hypercompetition There are several theories on what drives hypercompetition and how such conditions develop. Sengupta (2002) on the one hand, proposed several forces: globalization, knowledge capital resulting from superior information technology, demand-side economies of scale, and new strategic assets. Collins (2001) on the second hand, described that good and competitive companies should have highly capable individuals, contributing team members, competent managers, effective leaders who build enduring greatness through a paradoxical blend of personal humility and professional will. Thomas (1996) on the third hand, suggests that the dynamic resourcefulness of innovating companies was the primary driver. Overall the literature reflects mix drivers that accelerate hypercompetition (Hanssen-Bauer and Snow, 1996). In the case of manufacturing based companies in the ASEAN block, globalization seems to be the dominant driver for them while technological innovation becomes secondary. This slightly differs from the service sector companies which are impacted primarily by technological innovation, specifically information technology and secondarily by globalization. Most ASEAN based companies use information technology more than merely utilize new methods to improve efficiencies and productivity but use the technologies to create a fundamental change in how the services are delivered. New information technologies are truly disruptive and result in significant changes by creating new markets and reshaping existing markets (Christensen, Roth and Anthony, 2004). Thus, there is no doubt that new technological innovations create both positive and negative implications. Information technology and new forms of communication allow organizations to reach underserved markets, while creating more direct competition. As a result, competitive battles that ensue necessitated leaders to make strategic choices (Christensen et al., 2004). Consequently, most companies based in ASEAN countries not only offer services in the home markets but markets around the globe. The development creates undeniable probability that traditional product or services might be challenged for its very existence virtual based products or services. Hypercompetition in the Manufacturing and Service Sectors While much of the research on hypercompetition has focused on manufacturing, the same logic can be applied to the service sector. In fact, it might have been predictable that the intensity of rivalries in the service sector would be as intense as that of the manufacturing sector in the coming decade. There had always been competition in the service sector, although it was segmented and somewhat dampened by many reasons due to variations in the context and scope of competing companies and market segments. In the case of the manufacturing sector based in ASEAN countries, the intensity of competition is based on size and market reach of competing companies. For example, multinational corporations (MNCs) were competing on the basis of prestige, reputations and industry champion; while regional based companies were competing for location-bound which was on the basis of convenience and timing. For nationally known companies, they were focusing on maintaining or increasing the market shares of products or services. Some of the companies can be further classified as competing for reputation and are largely limited to few market segments and companies only. For those few companies, market position served as something between an emblem and a brand. The mailings and web sites are proclaimed important or relatively play small role in their market positioning. For most of the other thousands of companies in the ASEAN region, market share was a non-issue because they were facing localize competitive pressure which were centred more on cost and accessibility than reputation. As a result, high-quality and highly localized products or services were developed in response to local market demands. Apart from those mentioned above, the intensity of the hypercompetitiveness of the environment in the region drove companies to hunt for more customers and better ways to reach existing customers than a decade ago. This situation required companies to assess their business environment carefully. Issues like customer focus, competitive intelligence, knowledge and competency base, innovativeness, technological advancements, and new products, services or market need are among important factors that needed to be addressed strategically to date. Information technology is well received by companies as an important tool to accelerate their products or services reach greater market coverage. The intensity of rivalries in the region is centred on price, marketing, and new product development which leads to major competitors moved into one anothers home markets. The intention was to improve ones own financial performance while weakening their competitors by making them defensive in their home markets. The findings show most of ASEAN based companies offered similar products or services to a fixed number of customers with substantial price decreased but little or no increase in unit sales volume. The competition can be summarized as cut throat which finally led to a few companies to go better, while the most to go worse. The following subtopics discuss strategy options which were widely used by those companies. Strategy Option 1: Differentiation Most of companies competing in ASEAN countries face problems like inability to meet sales and financial objectives. In lieu to that, most of them expanded their products or services offerings. Some of them made new offerings, while other made modifications of existing one. In either case, markets became flooded. This proliferation of more varieties of products or services was good for consumers, but further weakened business performance. Thus, the other movement toward hypercompetition can be described as the expansion of offerings from suppliers without any increase in customer demand. What was initially viewed dynamism of ASEAN market as the creation of differentiated lines was in reality product or service line fragmentation. Most companies in the region were not content to offer traditional products or services in new markets but now sought to create new products or services. These new products or services appeared to be successful until management realized that they were, in some cases, merely cannibalizing existing one. The finding shows these new products or services grew but the number or revenue in the regular products or services are declined. This means, existing services were now experiencing competition from inside their own company as well as outside. In ASEAN markets where there had previously been only two or three products or services, now some of the market segments have four times more. As was the case with business, both revenue and customer retention suffered. Another strategic issue needs to address carefully is about growing demand among customers for better accessibility and convenience which has changed the environment of manufacturing and service sectors. Support by advancement in digital communications, traditional companies responded by changing structures and products or services provided (Rosenoer, Armstrong and Gates, 1999). Most MNCs and MNEs in ASEAN countries use current products or services to produce new by offering them in radically different ways. Those products or services are touted as the same but delivered with a different technology. It is seen as a new product or service in the market and this certainly increase the intensity of rivalry among competing companies. Some of the companies in this study created new products or services besides forged alliances with other organizations. Such inclination was developed in response to the opportunities created by a growing global market. There are companies deliver traditional product or services, but in a different location or with a different methodology (extended traditional companies and technology-based companies). Both are organized and designed to serve non-residential participants. This approach enables them to deliver existing products or services to audiences in different locations. Rosenoer et al., (1999) described online based transactions are organized around a technology to minimize the consequences of the physical separation between client and companies. The field of online business has grown rapidly and many of ASEAN based companies offer products or services via the web. While some experience a boom, majority encountered slow growth in online business. Overall most virtually promoted products or services are doing well and become strong competitors of traditional products. Such possibility to access to products or services enables buyers to shop at any time and at any place at their convenience. This certainly creates opportunities for noncustomers (Christensen et al., 2004). Strategy Option 2: Low Cost Leadership When the market expansion and product development strategies does not favour companies overall performance, the corporate response was to reduce costs. Major producers hunted for ways to reduce costs as a means of increasing gross margins, net profits, and earnings per share. This was the era of downsizing the blue-collar workforce; cutting back in corporate staff and middle management; give backs of employee benefits; and hiring of part-time or temporary employees who receive no benefits or who may not even be employees of the firm (Hilman, 2006). Some of the companies in this study standardized and automated their manufacturing and production operations; reduce number of staff; and planning to locate production abroad or to a new area with even low labour costs. The desired results were to increase financial performance and the ability to price-compete for market share. Interestingly most of them aware such actions create negative impact to them in the long run. Service sector based companies in the region also experienced identical implications. Cost reduction initiative leads to reduction of employment levels on number of full-time employees, reduced fringe benefits, made staffing decisions similar to those of business by moving to greater levels of temporary and part-time employment, and eliminated services that were not revenue positive. The findings show most of the companies aware that such actions negatively affect the quality of the service provided because a service based company involves more than factual product as it includes the skill and attitudinal development that comes with company and client interaction. Like manufacturing based sector, service based companies competing within ASEAN countries also faces cost-based competition from both local and foreign companies. In one sense the competition stems from the changes in the way companies see themselves. This is particularly true for numbers of subsectors in service sector. The quality of the services has a direct impact on how business community perceive the entire company. However, most of the cost-based competition in the region comes from the many smaller companies that have unknown standard of quality on services offered. In other words, some of the companies in both sectors (manufacturing and service) were trying to gain competitive advantage through low cost leadership or focus on cost strategies. Strategy Option 3: Focus The final stage of hypercompetitive market development is the birth of technologically competent, niche competitors that target only specialized, high profit market-segments with single purpose product. Some of the companies in the region exercise focus differentiation strategy. Products for this strategy are produced by talented engineers who design high-performance products, high-profit margin products and no consideration to become full-line suppliers. However, most of the companies exercise focus strategy opted for focus on cost instead by offering full line products with low-margin. of focus on differentiation. The same type of niche competitors exists in service sector. Some of the sample companies were focusing on a particular segment of the market in the attempt to isolate themselves from other competitors and to appeal to a particular group of high-value customers. They are able to provide value or brand identification that makes them extremely attractive. These providers will offer a specialized service. Most of them who opted for this strategy have no desire to offer a full range of business like manufacturing based companies. The reason for them not to offer full range of services were mainly due to do not want to use their revenues from a high-demand service to subsidize the lower-demand ones therefore they must cut marginal services. Conclusions, implications and strategies for hypercompetitive markets To face hypercompetition, ASEAN based companies must develop and produce specialized products or services faster than the competition. New or differentiated products or services provide customers with new, improved, or additional features; unfortunately hypercompetition means that products or services have shorter life cycles, which is the unintended consequence of competing with ones own products or services. In fact, for many companies competing in the region, their competitive strategy is to replace their own product or services before the competition does. This is often called eating ones own babies. Their strong tendency to increased product or service differentiation caused greater customer expectations and increasingly diverse applications, which in turn results in an explosion of demand for increasingly specialized products or services. More product or service differentiation leads to increase competition and creates a broader consumer market. It also leads to the development of small, overlapping sub-markets and price points. This review of hypercompetition of businesses among ASEAN based companies gives significant inputs for managers in particular and competing companies in general about the most recent state-of-the art strategies in doing business in the region. There is no doubt that companies must always prepare to deal with hypercompetitive environment and give special attention to environmental challenges such as technological change, globalization, and increased competition. To ensure that the region remains competitive in bringing FDIs and local investors to invest, it is an imperative requirement for ASEAN countries to work collectively and closely. Failure to do so may dampen their chances to record significant growth on gross domestic products (GDP).

The Tenant :: essays research papers

Seneca Falls. This topic in my opinion closely relates to Anne Bronte’s The Tenant of Wildfell Hall. In 1848, around the same time this novel was published the Seneca Falls women's rights convention took place in the United States. They fought for the woman’s right to vote and overall equality. It was like men and women lived in different worlds they had to obey different rules and standards. Men basically had little rule, while women were very oppressed. They couldn’t make decisions and own property. Bronte certainly flipped the script with this novel showing the empowered female through her protagonist Helen Graham. Helen Graham is a young woman who changes her identity when she flees from her alcoholic husband who's been leading a life of corruption. She enters this nosy town who finds her new face to be quite interesting. Her new neighbor, Gilbert Markham, is terribly fascinated with Helen. At one point I felt that he could be deemed a stalker because she would not give him the time of day and he still persisted. Eventually Helen gives him her diary which pours out the confessions of her previously disastrous life and gives way to hope for a new future and helps both Gilbert and the reader understand the pain of this troubled woman. Helen passionately challenging ideas such as the extreme sheltering of girls, and the extreme exposure of boys, to the harshness of the world. We especially see this when Gilbert Markham argues with Helen over the differential treatment of boys and girls and the implied outcomes. Helen's protective treatment of her son Arthur sparks reaction in Gilbert. Gilbert's response to this is to say that â€Å"†¦and by such means ... you will never render him virtuous†. His outlook is that based on the society in order to prepare boys to be men it is necessary for them to be exposed to the dangers of the world as a means of developing a strong moral character. It is a double standard for females by the view that girls and women must be protected from the harsh realities of the world in order to protect them from moral distress or tainting. It is this contradiction that Helen addresses, challenging the importance of exposure to use as a strengthening of moral character, and the valu e of keeping girls in complete ignorance of the world's vice to prevent their corruption.

Examination of New Zealand’s Exchange Cures

1.Examination of NZ ‘s exchange remedies 1.1 Dumping and Anti Dumping Duty Dumping A straightforward definition is that ware are dumped if their menu value when foreign made into New Zealand is non precisely their typical regard in the state of menu. The menu cost is the value the merchandiser in New Zealand pays for the ware. The ordinary quality is the value the merchandises offer for in the state of menu. These costs are conformed to the ex-industrial installation degree in the state of menu. On the off opportunity that the ex-industrial installation cost is non precisely the ex-plant typical quality ( after alteration have been made to vouch the value scrutiny is sensible ) so dumping has happened. Dumping is lawful At the same clip where it harms New Zealand shapers, duties can be forced to bring around the circumstance. These duties must be forced after a formal scrutiny. Schemes for an scrutiny are situated down in the dumping and offseting Duties Act 1988. The Act meets New Zealand ‘s committednesss under the World Trade Organization Anti-dumping Agreement. It is managed by our Trade Remedies group. The Act is intended to maintain up sensible competition for New Zealand shapers when the dumping hostile to dumping activity. ( Products that are trans-delivered through Australia are non excluded ) . Dumping scrutiny Use this application construction to demand us to research the dumping of foreign merchandises. Your application helps us construct if a full scrutiny is legitimized. You ought to give cogent evidence to show that: †¢dumping is go oning †¢the dumping is harming, or undermines to harm, a family industry †¢your application has support from the residential concern. Examination The full scrutiny includes intensive deliberation of the cogent evidence in the application, and wide get-together of industry and exchange information to make whether dumping is conveying on injury. In the event that there is reasonable cogent evidence of injury from dumping, impermanent steps can be forced by the Minister every bit meager as 60 yearss from the day of the month an scrutiny was begun. These steps are utilized to maintain farther harm from go oning amid the staying clip of the scrutiny. Inside 150 yearss of get downing an scrutiny, our CEO is obliged to light all invested persons of the actualities and decisions apt to construction the premiss for any last finding. This gives invested persons a opportunity to note. Inside 180 yearss of the Begin of the scrutiny, the Minister must do a last finding of whether the dumping of imports is making injury to the residential concern. Hostile to dumping Guidelines have been secured for us to study and settle on picks on applications for price reductions of hostile to dumping duty paid in copiousness of the border of dumping. An border of dumping is the differentiation between the ordinary worth and the menu cost. Hostile to dumping duty ca n't price reductions must be made for against dumping duty paid in copiousness of the border of dumping. Discount demands must be bolstered by verification made by a shipper of the point capable to the resistance to dumping duty. In the event that a merchandiser considers at that place has been ageless alteration to the border of dumping, they ought to likewise see bespeaking reappraisal of the rate of duty. Reach us for all the more about the informations needed for reappraisal applications. Proof of ordinary quality a long clip under uncommon fortunes and trusting upon the consequence of a different audit scrutiny. On the off opportunity that a shield step applies for over a twelvemonth it is to be continuously changed amid its life-time. The Ministry must endeavour to reply to the Minister about the shield scrutiny inside 75 working yearss of the day of the month of start. In the event that the local concern expressions for the load of a impermanent protection step or a impermanent shield step is forced, the Ministry must seek reasonable enterprises to reply to the Minister inside 85 working yearss of the day of the month of initiation.The flowchart underneath gives a diagram of the scrutiny procedure and its TExaminationThe full scrutiny includes intensive deliberation of the cogent evidence in the application archive and an scrutiny of far making industry and exchange information. The shapers doing up the New Zealand industry might similarly be gone by to corroborate informations they have given on echt harm.In the event that informations gave is viewed as questionable it might be slighted. Whenever amid a shield scrutiny, a statutory averment may be obliged to endorsing any adjustment or informations gave, in the manner accommodated in Section 9 of the Oaths and Declarations Act 1957.The affairs the Ministry must research integrate the accompanying:†¢Whether expanded imports have created or enfeeble to do echt injury.†¢Whether the expanded imports were because of unanticipated betterments.†¢Whether a shield step is of import to expect or bring around echt harm and to promote conformance by the New Zealand industry to expanded competition from the expanded imports.†¢If a shield step is indispensable:oWhich merchandises ought to be apt to a step.oWhich step is suiting.oWhat is the fitting grade and length of clip of the step.†¢Whether the load of a step is in the general population involvement, which may integrate idea of the accompanying:oThe likely viability of a protection step in assisting the local concern.oThe different options for a protection step.oThe likely impact of a shield step available ( numbering on clients ) .oNew Zealand ‘s planetary dealingss a nd exchange aims.oThe critical significance of the concern.2.Review of Newzealand ‘s IP schemes including yet non constrained toProtected invention ( IP ) is often the most profitable resource recorded on a concern ‘ plus study, so its astute to procure your alone IP by and large as you would any of your physical resources.A thing of IP can be anything from a alone idea for an point, to new catchs, an interesting expression or peculiarly identifiable Sons or slogans. Each can give you game modifiers and demands to be ensured.2.1Copyright security abroadCopyright is on a really basic degree non rather the same as different kinds of accredited invention ( IP ) security in visible radiation of the fact that it exists the minute a alone work is made. Nonetheless, how your New Zealand right of first publication is dealt with abroad relies on upon the parts you fare to and the quality of their dedication to cosmopolitan gages.Universal copyright jurisprudenceCopyright is unive rsally acknowledged to be the selective right to use or O.K. others to use a alone spot of work.In the event that you hold the right of first publication on a alone work in a menu market, it implies you can pull off its:†¢reproduction†¢public executing†¢recording†¢broadcasting†¢translation.New Zealand takes portion in different worldwide right of first publication apprehensions and colonies. This implies that when your alone work is made in New Zealand, it is accordingly ensured here and under the right of first publication Torahs in states that are garnering to those apprehensions.Unique plants made in other portion states are to boot secured in New Zealand under these planetary apprehensions.Copyright in New ZealandCopyright is a term for the elect use of a alone work. In New Zealand it is chiefly represented by the Copyright Act 1994, which expresses that right of first publication confidence starts to be accordingly when a alone work is made and settled. This implies the work needs to be more than a idea. Notwithstanding, registration of right of first publication is non needed. No formal model for the registration of right of first publication exists in New Zealand.A right of first publication in New Zealand can maintain traveling for up to 50 old ages, contingent upon the sort of work it ensures.Copyright tagingAlbeit non needed by jurisprudence, it is a smart idea to integrate a right of first publication arrow or acknowledge on your work in New Zealand. Using a right of first publication marker tells others that the work is apt to copyright confidence and that acquiescence is non conceded for others to double the work or pull off it in some other manner. A more thorough notice recognizes the holder and ability behind imaginative work.New Zealand is garnering to different worldwide concurrencies on right of first publication that could impact on your work abroad.2.2PatentA patent issues you restrictive use of an invention for up to 20 old ages. It can turn into a important concern resource that can be purchased, sold, exchanged or authorized like whatever other belongings.Not everybody needs a patent, nevertheless at times holding one can:†¢help to procure your concern hereafter†¢create new unfastened doors†¢provide the echt feelings of repose that originates from cognizing your creative activity ca n't doubtless be replicated or stolen.In a few ways licenses work a touch like protection schemes. What ‘s more, while its basic for most organisations to hold made moves to guarantee other imperative resources like vehicles, hardware and constructions, its less regular to see them procuring the really things that often got them interchanging the primary topographic point – their creative activities.On the off opportunity that you patent a creative activity, for case another sort of paste, you so have the privilege to:†¢manufacture and offer the paste†¢license the rights to another individual to likewise green goods and offer the paste†¢sell all duty for patent itself, so that the new buyer has control over the protected development.A patent will likewise issue you security when you take your invention to market in visible radiation of the fact that it helps you shield possession rights. Frequently merely holding a patent can be sufficient to forestall others from trying to double you.Abroad patent confidenceA patent merely ensures an invention in one state or venue. While there is no such thing as an overall patent, cosmopolitan patent jurisprudence can do it simpler to acquire licences conceded in assorted typical states.This page examines how you can use Convention, Treaty and Regional applications to look for insurance for your creative activity in indispensable menu markets. The information here will assist you to take which options are best for your circumstance and marks.What do you requirement for a Convention application?A New Zealand pat ent application can be utilized as the cardinal application for one or more Convention applications.When you seek an abroad patent under the Convention, you must integrate points of involvement ( e.g. application figure, entering day of the month and Convention state ) of the indispensable application with your application. For the most portion, you must integrate a confirmed extra of the application that you ab initio documented with IPONZ. This may be obliged either when you document or inside a period set by the applicable patent officeScan for bing licencesScaning for a current patent can save you clip and hard currency, and can likewise give motive or chronicled informations. Looking for bing licences is a nice attack to:†¢See whether your invention is new or if the issue it handles has been settled an alternate manner ;†¢Find out whether your creative activity encroaches a current patent. In the event that you advertise a development which as of now has a patent the holder of that patent can do legitimate move against you ;†¢See what creations your challengers have secured ( or connected to procure ) ;†¢Get a idea of how to outline your finding ; and†¢Discover how invention has developed over the long draw.Check for bing licencesHow you scan for patent informations will trust on upon your aims and what you know as of now. Your chase could be focussed on the of import invention, the concerns you are acute on or maybe what your challengers may hold ensured.Case in point, researching an invention can include charming word or grouping Hunts on typical databases. This sort of scrutiny can necessitate important investing and be unpredictable. Interestingly, runing down a current patent can be basic in the event that you know the state and have a mention figure.2.3Trade imprintAn exchange imprint is a particular identifier, on a regular basis alluded to as a â€Å" trade name † or â€Å" logo † . When an exchange imprint i s enlisted, the  ® image may be utilized with the exchange grade.Exchange imprints can integrate words, Sons, chromaticities, forms, sounds, smells – or any mix of these. Two instances of by and large perceived exchange imprints are demonstrated as follows – they have ended up important resources for the concern that enrolled them:1An exchange imprint empowers organisations to acknowledge their points or disposals from comparative points or disposals offered by rivals. The primary design is to do a different and ideally critical trade name that clients spouse with quality points or disposals. Fulfilled clients will be more prone to buy the same trade name once more and touch the trade name to others. An in figure trade name along these lines helps a concern both pick up and keep its clients.RegisterYou are non lawfully needed to inscribe your exchange imprint to use it. On the other manus, by non inscribing your imprint you remain to lose out on the legitimate confid ence and different net incomes recorded antecedently. An unregistered imprint is similarly harder to procure in visible radiation of the fact that you must depend on the jurisprudence of go throughing off or take minutess under the Fair Trading Act. Such activities can be more difficult to show and can include drawn-out and inordinate suit.By complexness, enlisting an exchange imprint issues you a keeping substructure under the Trade Marks Act 2002. With stronger lawful insurance, you can action for invasion in the event that another individual utilizes the same or a ‘confusingly comparative ‘ grade for the same or comparable merchandises or disposals in which the imprint is enlisted.Check for bing exchange MarkssYour application to inscribe an exchange imprint is apt to be dismisses if your expected imprint is as of now requested, enlisted, being used or is ‘confusingly comparable ‘ to a current exchange grade. This makes it indispensable to watch that the s ame or a comparable exchange imprintInternational trade Markss

The Seismoscope Is One of the Great Chinese Inventions

The Seismoscope Is One of the Great Chinese Inventions There are few things more disconcerting than the sensation of the seemingly-solid Earth suddenly rolling and pitching beneath ones feet. As a result, humans have sought ways to measure or even predict earthquakes for thousands of years. Although we still cant accurately predict earthquakes, humans have come a long way in detecting, recording, and measuring seismic shocks. This process began nearly 2000 years ago, with the invention of the first seismoscope in China. The First Seismoscope In 132 CE, inventor, Imperial Historian, and Royal Astronomer Zhang Heng displayed his amazing earthquake-detection machine, or seismoscope, at the court of the Han Dynasty. Zhangs seismoscope was a giant bronze vessel, resembling a barrel almost 6 feet in diameter. Eight dragons snaked face-down along the outside of the barrel, marking the primary compass directions. In each dragons mouth was a small bronze ball. Beneath the dragons sat eight bronze toads, with their broad mouths gaping to receive the balls. We dont know exactly what the first seismoscope looked like. Descriptions from the time give us an idea about the size of the instrument and the mechanisms that made it work. Some sources also note that the outside of the seismoscopes body was beautifully engraved with mountains, birds, tortoises, and other animals, but the original source of this information is difficult to trace. The exact mechanism that caused a ball to drop in the event of an earthquake also is not known. One theory is that a thin stick was set loosely down the center of the barrel. An earthquake would cause the stick to topple over in the direction of the seismic shock, triggering one of the dragons to open its mouth and release the bronze ball. Another theory posits that a baton was suspended from the lid of the instrument as a free-swinging pendulum. When the pendulum swung widely enough to strike the side of the barrel, it would cause the closest dragon to release its ball. The sound of the ball striking the toads mouth would alert observers to the earthquake. This would give a rough indication of the earthquakes direction of origin, but it did not provide any information about the intensity of the tremors. Proof of Concept Zhangs wonderful machine was called houfeng didong yi, meaning an instrument for measuring the winds and the movements of the Earth. In earthquake-prone China, this was an important invention.   In one instance, just six years after the device was invented, a large quake estimated at a magnitude seven struck what is now Gansu Province. People in the Han Dynastys capital city of Luoyang, 1,000 miles away, did not feel the shock. However, the seismoscope alerted the emperors government to the fact that a quake had struck somewhere to the west. This is the first known instance of scientific equipment detecting an earthquake that had not been felt by humans in the area. The seismoscopes findings were confirmed several days later when messengers arrived in Luoyang to report a major earthquake in Gansu. ChineseSeismoscopes on the Silk Road? Chinese records indicate that other inventors and tinkerers in the court improved upon Zhang Hengs design for the seismoscope over the centuries that followed. The idea seems to have spread westward across Asia, probably carried along the Silk Road.   By the 13th century, a similar seismoscope was in use in Persia, although the historical record does not provide a clear link between the Chinese and Persian devices. It is possible that the great thinkers of Persia hit upon a similar idea independently.

Sibling Rivalry Essays - Sibling, Family, Kinship And Descent

Sibling Rivalry Essays - Sibling, Family, Kinship And Descent Sibling Rivalry Sibling rivalry will always occur in a household of more than one child whether through comparison, fighting, jealousy, or by other means. Parents and children both contribute to the rivalry. It will occur on a daily, weekly, and even an hourly basis. Sibling rivalry may become difficult and annoying to parents, but they must deal with it day after day. In definition, sibling rivalry is when one sibling or more compete with one another or try to emulate each other .Rivalry is different from fighting. It appears when children compete for their parents? love and attention (Faull 88). Sibling relationships can be a key to rivalry. An intense relationship includes love and hate, play and fight, and the teasing and mocking of each other. There are some questions on why certain siblings get along harmoniously and affectionately, while there are others that constantly fight (Dunn front flap). Siblings usually have a very harsh relationship when they are young. As they mature, they become better friends and start getting into fewer and fewer fights .Brothers and sisters sometimes work together to get through jams. Siblings occasionally team up to trick or get back at a parent in revenge (Faber and Mazlish 27-28). Aggression is very frequent in sibling relationships. In one study, 29% of behavior observed between siblings was hostile (Dunn 22). It is usually the older child being aggressive to the younger one, but the younger child may become increasingly aggressive as he/she grows. In one Canadian study, a family where the mother is very friendly to the second born at the eight month stage, the two children were very opposed to each other six months later (Dunn 98). There are many siblings that take their aggression to the extremes, and others who travel through phases of rivalry, then end in a close, loving relationship (?Sibling Aggression?). Plus, not all rivalry is negative. Birth order greatly affects the relationships between siblings. Frank J. Sulloway, writer of Born to Rebel, had this to say about birth order, ?Few aspects of human behavior can claim such generalizability (as birth order) across class, nationality, gender, and time.? Birth order is the ultimate cause of behavior; it is destiny?if not entirely, then pretty nearly so (Epstein 51). First children tend to accomplish more than their siblings do because their parents expect more of them. All children in a family behave differently because of the way they are or were treated by their parents and others. The first child is very bossy to younger sibs, and has strong beliefs about what is right or wrong, and how his younger sibs should behave. He/she does not let the younger ones get away with something they could not do at their age. The second or middle child does not expect to get his or her own way much. They learn to achieve what they want through indirect means. The third or youngest ch ild learns that the best method for him to get his way is by being nice. He frequently does what he wants and gets away with it because others do not notice (Ames and Haber 63-66). Sibling rivalry has many causes that both parents and children can bring about. Parents create rivalry problems by comparison and favoritism. They have to see their kids as separate individuals, and not compare them. The parents have to make sure that comparisons do not lead to them buying one thing for a child?s need, and then buying the same item for the other child even though he does not need it. There are certain types of comparison: positive and pressure. Positive comments can start problems between siblings (i. e. ?I see from your homework that you are a math whiz, just like your sister!? Kent 80). ?Children may feel resentful when parents push them into each other?s turf,? reports Kathy Thorburg, Ph.D (quoted in Kent 80). When a parent compares two siblings, it puts pressure in sports, school, and any other aspects of life on the younger child . Parents inadvertently play favorites with their children. The favorite child may not always be the cutest, smartest, kindest, or mo st thoughtful. It is natural to feel a preference to one

Commercial agency agreement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Commercial agency agreement - Essay Example The intended parties to the Agreement will no doubt have meetings first to discuss the terms for the appointment.' It is suggested that they reach some "Heads of Terms" first and that those are then transferred over to the Agreement. It is likely that the terms agreed by the parties and set out in the Agreement will be covered by the Commercial Agents (Council Directive) Regulations 1993 (Brown, 2006), as amended.' These Regulations deal with the rights and liabilities of parties who have entered into a commercial agency, and deal with such matters as the remuneration to be paid,' the period of notice to be given and the entitlement of the agent in some cases to compensation on the agency being terminated. The Establishment of Agreement covers activities or services that Cockatoo SA provides during the development stage of the partnership. The proposal and development agreements may be carried out by Cockatoo SA directly, or by Consultants and Contractors employed by Cockatoo SA. The Products provided includes the Children's wear provided by the company. The establishment of the agreement is based on Cockatoo SA's provisions, managing and marketing strategies of the selling of the Product. Where the Reseller at this point also intends to undertake meetings and deliberations with its consultants for the possible offer from Cockatoo SA to provide for the Customers demand as reflected on the terms necessary. In addition, the parties may have other terms to agree about this.' It is obviously unlikely that the Agent would agree to the Principal having complete freedom to sell in competition with the Agent. Clause 4 - Terms of Agreement The agreement provides for reasonable and proper costs (including costs of risks not contracted out, insured or covered through the Regulations) to be passed through to the Partnership on an emerging cost basis. If reselling constraints or other concerns mean that the Investor requires greater certainty over costs, it may be possible to offer a fixed price as proposed in the Agreement. However, it is not possible to fix some elements, such as the costs of store enhancements, and a fixed price at this stage will not mean that the costs of the Manufacturing can be fixed. The Principal will have to draw up an account in order to calculate the Commission.' It may be appropriate to add further provisions here as to how the account is to be prepared. Capitalised terms used in these guidance notes are defined in the agreement. This clause includes general provisions as to consents including the fact that Cockatoo SA retains sole discretion in relation to its directives on the Reseller. In

The Shots of Goodfellas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Shots of Goodfellas - Essay Example Goodfellas does not glorify the gangster lifestyle like The Godfather. The framing of the short tracking shot from a three-shot to the two-shot is vital for the psychological state of mind of the audience that must be willing to accept the perhaps fictional assertion that the man through whose eyes the story will be told was not as bloodthirsty and violent as those around him. The movement away from directly including Henry in this show to bringing Tommy and Jimmy together is a distancing device that subtly creates a sense of audience participation with Henry’s character. At no point in the editing of the incredibly violent opening sequence of Goodfellas is Henry Hill ever included in the finishing off the murder of the man in the trunk. The audience has no way of knowing who this man is or what part he will play or why he was killed. For the audience can’t possibly know he was a completely innocent witness to a crime rather than a wiseguy himself. Because this is the o pening scene that essentially introduces the audience to the main characters it is imperative that Henry is not only never seen taking an active role in the murder, but is seen to react to Jimmy’s nod of the head to open the trunk in the first place as Jimmy is his boss. The reaction shots of Henry responding to the brutality before him rather than taking part also serves to further intensify audience participation in part because of the murderous glee with which Tommy kills and the quick sneer that appears on Jimmy’s face before he shoots the corpse.

Global warming global trend Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global warming global trend - Thesis Example Conversely, there are people who believe that global warming is a myth. According to these people, the earth has witnessed close to 63 alterations between cold and warm climates over the last 1.6 million years. They believe that none of these indications or alterations was caused by changes in the levels of carbon dioxide due to human activity. According to Edmund Contoski (2010), global warming is not scientifically proven because the earth periodically experiences climate change (Gale Cengage Learning 1). This topic was chosen because of the differing views on the cause of global warming. It was also selected in order to research views on global warming that are not popular or mainstream. The first article that will be analyzed is an article by Gale Cengage Learning. The article published in 2010 states that global warming is a myth. The article is based on the observations of Edmund Contoski who found that over the last 1.6 million years, earth has experienced changing climatic conditions. These changes were not caused by an increase in carbon dioxide levels due to human activities. According to Gale Cengage Learning, global warming has not been scientifically proven to show that humans cause the changes in climatic conditions. This article is logically structured because it begins with an abstract that outlines the main arguments and the direction that the article will take. Before the introduction, the author asks readers to consider three questions. Thereafter, the article proceeds to show that there is no connection between global warming and the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. According to Edmund and Gale (2010), manmade emissions of greenhouse gase s such as carbon dioxide significantly increased after the period of global industrialization. Since this period, the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have increased steadily. Approximately